Repurposing antiviral drugs, typically nucleoside analogs, has proven successful at inhibiting virus replication. This review summarizes current information regarding presents the broad clinical consequences of SARS-CoV-2 activation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor expressed in different human cell types.
This review provides an introduction to an array of topics that pertain to different states of pandemic acuity: interpandemic preparedness, alert, surge activity, recovery and relapse through the literature and experience of recent pandemics including COVID-19, H1N1, Ebola, and SARS.
National governance may have influenced the response of institutions to the Covid-19 pandemic, being a key factor in preparing for the next pandemics. The objective was to analyze the association between excess mortality due to COVID-19 (daily and cumulative per 100 thousand people) and national governance indicators in 213 countries.
The aim of this review is to summarize the different techniques available for the study of the immune responses after exposure or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, showing their advantages and limitations, and proposing suitable combinations of different techniques to achieve extensive information in these studies. Photo credit: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH
Researchers are actively pursuing the development of next-generation and universal influenza vaccines to provide comprehensive protection against potential pandemic subtypes or strains. This review outlines the critical challenges and advancements in research and development (R&D) and highlights the improvements in regulatory responses for influenza vaccines.
After the third year of the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the severe COVID-19 burden falls upon immunocompromised patients who cannot mount an endogenous immune response after both vaccination and/or natural infection. In this narrative review, the authors show that combinations of either small molecule antivirals or small molecule antiviral plus passive immunotherapies are safe and effective…
In this Review, the authors summarize the literature on the relative transmissibility and antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants, the role of mutations at the furin spike cleavage site and of non-spike proteins, the potential importance of recombination to virus success, and SARS-CoV-2 evolution in the context of T cells, innate immunity and population immunity.
This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. 75N92022D00013. The views expressed in the book and this website are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the National Institutes of Health; or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
© Pandemic Response 2024
Accelerating Diagnostics in a Time of Crisis and the Pandemic Response Roadmap chronicle our nation’s effort to combat the SARS CoV-2 virus and bring millions of Covid-19 diagnostic tests to market in fewer than 12 months, providing a rubric for a future pandemic response.
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